Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

Nama            : Indah Faridah
Kelas            : 4EA15
NPM             : 13209454
Mata Kuliah : Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2
Tugas tentang Passive Voice

Pengertian Passive Voice dan Contohnya

Pengertian Kalimat aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan pekerjaan, sebaliknya, kalimat pasif (passive voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan oleh object kalimat. Active voice lebih sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice. Namun demikian, sering kita temukan passive voice di surat-surat kabar, artikel-artikel di majalah-majalah dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah. Passive voice digunakan karena object dari active voice merupakan informasi yang lebih penting dibandingkan dengan subject-nya.

Contoh :

• Active : We fertilize the soil every 6 months
• Passive: The soil is fertilized by us every 6 months

Dari contoh ini dapat kita lihat bahwa:

1. Object dari active voice (the soil) menjadi subject dari passive voice
2. Subject dari active voice (we) menjadi object dari passive voice. Perhatikan pula bahwa terjadi perubahan dari subject pronoun ‘we’ menjadi object pronoun ‘us’.
3. Verb1 (fertilize) pada active voice menjadi verb3 (fertilized) pada passive voice.
4. Ditambahkannya be ‘is’ di depan verb3. Be yang digunakan adalah tergantung pada subject passive voice dan tenses yang digunakan. (Perhatikan pola-pola passive voice di bawah).
5. Ditambahkannya kata ‘by’ di belakang verb3. Namun, jika object dari passive voice dianggap tidak penting atau tidak diketahui, maka object biasanya tidak dikemukakan dan begitu pula kata ‘by’.
6. Khusus untuk kalimat-kalimat progressive (present, past, past perfect, future, past future, dan past future perfect continuous, perlu menambahkan ‘being’ di depan verb3). Kalau tidak ditambahkan “being”, tensisnya akan berubah, bukan progressive/continuous lagi.

Berdasarkan keenam poin di atas maka passive voice mengikuti pola sebagai berikut:

Subject + be + Verb3 + by + Object + modifier

Pola active dan passive voice pada tiap tensis

1. Jika active voice dalam simple present tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah is, am atau are.

Contoh:

• Active    : He meets them everyday.
• Passive  : They are met by him everyday.

• Active    : She waters this plant every two days.
• Passive  : This plant is watered by her every two days.

2. Jika active voice dalam simple past tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah was atau were

Contoh:

• Active    : He met them yesterday
• Passive  : They were met by him yesterday

• Active    : She watered this plant this morning
• Passive  : This plant was watered by her this morning

3. Jika active voice dalam present perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary has atau have, sehingga menjadi ‘has been’ atau ‘have been’

Contoh:

• Active    : He has met them
• Passive  : They have been met by him
• Active    : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes.
• Passive  : This plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes.

4. Jika active voice dalam past perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary had, sehingga menjadi had been

Contoh:

• Active    : He had met them before I came.
• Passive  : They had been met by him before I came.

• Active    : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here
• Passive  : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here

5. Jika active voice dalam simple future tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah be

Contoh:

• Active    : He will meet them tomorrow.
• Passive  : They will be met by him tomorrow.

• Active    : She will water this plant this afternoon.
• Passive  : This plant will be watered by her this afternoon.

• Active    : The farmers are going to harvest the crops next week
• Passive  : The crops are going to be harvested by the farmers next week.

6. Jika active voice dalam future perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary will have, sehingga menjadi ‘will have been’

Contoh:

• Active    : He will have met them before I get there tomorrow.
• Passive  : They will have been met by him before I get there tomorrow.

• Active   : She will have watered this plant before I get here this afternoon.
• Passive  : This plant will have been watered by her before I get here this afternoon.

7. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary would have, sehingga menjadi ‘would have been’.

Contoh:

• Active    : He would have met them.
• Passive  : They would have been met by him.

• Active    : She would have watered this plant.
• Passive  : This plant would have been watered by her.

8. Jika active voice dalam present continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah (is, am atau are) + being.

Contoh:

• Active    : He is meeting them now.
• Passive  : They are being met by him now.

• Active    : She is watering this plant now.
• Passive  : This plant is being watered by her now.

9. Jika active voice dalam past continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah (was atau were) + being.

Contoh:

• Active    : He was meeting them.
• Passive  : They were being met by him.

• Active    : She was watering this plant.
• Passive  : This plant was being watered by her.

10. Jika active voice dalam perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah (has/have) been + being.

Contoh:

• Active    : He has been meeting them.
• Passive  : They have been being met by him.

• Active    : She has been watering this plant.
• Passive  : This plant has been being watered by her.

11. Jika active voice dalam past perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah had been + being.

Contoh:

• Active    : He had been meeting them.
• Passive  : They had been being met by him.

• Active    : She had been watering this plant.
• Passive  : This plant had been being watered by her.

12. Jika active voice dalam future continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah will be + being.

Contoh:

• Active    : He will be meeting them.
• Passive  : They will be being met by him.

• Active    : She will be watering this plant.
• Passive  : This plant will be being watered by her.

13. Jika active voice dalam past future continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah would be + being.

Contoh:

• Active    : He would be meeting them.
• Passive  : They would be being met by him.

• Active    : She would be watering this plant.
• Passive   : This plant would be being watered by her.

14. Jika active voice dalam future perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah will have been + being.

Contoh:

• Active    : He will have been meeting them.
• Passive  : They will have been being met by him.

• Active    : She will have been watering this plant.
• Passive  : This plant will have been being watered by her.

15. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah would have been + being.

Contoh:

• Active    : He would be meeting them.
• Passive  : They would be being met by him.

• Active    : She would be watering this plant.
• Passive  : This plant would be being watered by her.

Sumber :

http://badaiardiat.blogspot.com/2011/01/pengertian-passive-voice-dan-contohnya.html

http://google.com

Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

Name              : Indah Faridah

Class               : 4EA15

NPM               : 13209454

Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2 (Conditional Sentece)

 

The Meaning of Conditional Sentence

Conditional Sentence (sentence presupposition) is a form of sentences that we can use when we want to say that something is a result or consequence of the other depending on the situation. In it there is a clause modality (IF clause) and clauses result (RESULT clause). In the form of conditional sentences we use the word "if".

Conditional Sentence (sentence presupposition) is a phrase used to express something that might happen or might not happen as expected. Sentence modality consists of two parts, the man clause (main clause) and if clause (clause). In the if clause contains conditions that must be met in order for the state as contained in the main clause can be realized. Therefore, the conditional sentences is called a conditional sentence. Conditional Sentences or sentence modality consists of two types of real conditional (real) and the unreal / Contrary to fact (not real).

A.The characteristics of conditional sentences as follows:
a. use words if the clause (subordinate clause). Since the clause is preceded by the if clause if it is called.
b. auxiliary use of capital, such as will, can, may, must, would, could, might, etc.. on the subject of the sentence (main clause).

B. Sample Forms and Conditional Sentences:
1. True in the Present or Future. (Right at the present and future)
2. Untrue in the Present or Future. (Not true or contrary to the reality on the time present and the

    future).
3. Untrue in the Past. (Not true or contrary to reality in the past)
4. True in the Present or Future. (Right at the present and future)

C. Examples of Conditional Sentence:
1. True in the Present or Future (Future Conditional) This sentence is expected to reveal the events that will occur in the future and are likely to occur. (Probable condition).

Formula:                     If + S + Verb (present), S + future tense
                                                            Or
                             subject + future tense, if + subject + future tense

Example:
- If I'm not busy, I come to your party.
- If the weather is nice tomorrow, we will go on a picnic.
- If we arrive late, she will be angry with us.
- He will not go to the picnic, if it rains.

2. Untrue in the Present or Future (Present Conditional) It states the event is expected to happen  now but it did not happen. (Improbable condition).

Formula:                     If + S + Verb 2 / were + S + would + Verb1
                                     If + S + V2, Subject + Past Future

Example:
- If I were you, I would accept this invitation.
- If Bone were here right now, he would help us.
- If I had enough time, I would go fishing.
- If he smokes less, he would not cough so much.

3. Untrue in the Past (Past Conditional) It states the event is expected to occur in the past, but it did not happen. (Impossible condition).

Formula:          If + Past Perfect + S +, S + Verb + Past perfect future 3
                          Subject + Past perfect future, if + Subject + Past Perfect + V3

Example:
- If I had called Sarah, she would have come here.
- If they had studied, they would have passed the exam.
- If you had come to my house, you would have met me.
- If he had studied hard, he would have passed the final exam.

Refrence :

 

http://bahasainggrisonlines.blogspot.com/2013/01/conditional-sentences.html.

http://fachmiulilmaulana.blogspot.com/2012/03/conditional-sentence.html.

 

 

Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

Name     : Indah Faridah

Class      : 4EA15

NPM      : 13209454

Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2 (Conditional Sentence)

Meaning of Conditional Sentence

Conditional Sentence (Kalimat Pengandaian) adalah suatu bentuk kalimat majemuk yang dapat kita gunakan ketika kita ingin mengatakan bahwa sesuatu tersebut adalah suatu akibat atau konsekuensi yang tergantung pada situasi lainnya. Di dalamnya terdapat klausa pengandaian (IF CLAUSE) dan klausa akibat (RESULT CLAUSE). Pada bentuk conditional sentences kita menggunakan kata "if (jika)".

Conditional Sentence (=Kalimat pengandaian) adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang mungkin terjadi atau mungkin tidak terjadi seperti yang diharapkan. Kalimat pengandaian terdiri atas dua bagian, yaitu man clause (induk kalimat) dan if clause (anak kalimat). Dalam if clause terkandung syarat-syarat yang harus dipenuhi agar keadaan seperti terkandung dalam main clause dapat terwujud. Oleh karena itu, conditional sentences disebut juga kalimat bersyarat. Conditional Sentences atau kalimat pengandaian terdiri dari dua jenis yaitu real conditional (nyata) dan unreal/ contrary to fact (tidak nyata).

A. Ciri-ciri Conditional sentences sebagai berikut :

a. digunakannya kata if dalam anak kalimat (subordinate clause). Karena clause ini diawali oleh if maka disebut if clause.

b. digunakannya modal auxiliary, seperti will, can, may, must, would, could, might, etc. pada pokok kalimat (main clause).

B. Bentuk-bentuk dan Contoh Conditional Sentences:

1. True in the Present or Future. (Benar pada waktu sekarang dan masa akan datang)

2. Untrue in the Present or Future. (Tidak benar atau berlawanan dengan kenyataan pada

    Waktu sekarang dan masa yang akan datang)         

3. Untrue in the Past. (Tidak benar atau berlawanan dengan kenyataan pada masa lalu)

4. True in the Present or Future. (Benar pada waktu sekarang dan masa akan datang)

C. Contoh Conditional Sentence :

1. True in the Present or Future (Future Conditional) adalah Kalimat ini mengungkapkan kejadian yang diharapkan akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang dan memiliki kemungkinan untuk terjadi. (probable condition).

Rumus :                      If + S + Verb (present), S + future tense

Atau

subjek + future tense, if + subjek + future tense

Contoh :

- If I’m not busy, I come to your party.

- If the weather is nice tomorrow, we will go on a picnic.

- If we arrive late, she will be angry with us.

- He will not go to the picnic, if it rains.

2. Untrue in the Present or Future (Present Conditional) adalah Kalimat ini menyatakan peristiwa yang diharapkan terjadi sekarang tetapi tidak terjadi. (Improbable condition).  

 Rumus :                      If + S + Verb 2 / were + S + would + Verb1

If + S + V2, Subject + Past Future

Contoh :

- If I were you, I would accept this invitation.

- If  Bone were here right now, he would help us.

- If I had enough time, I would go fishing.

- If he smokes less, he wouldn’t cough so much.

3. Untrue in the Past (Past Conditional) adalah Kalimat ini menyatakan peristiwa yang diharapkan terjadi di waktu lampau, tetapi tidak terjadi. (impossible condition).

Rumus :          If + S + Past Perfect +, S + Past perfect future + Verb 3

Subject + Past perfect future, if + Subjek + Past Perfect + V3

Contoh :

- If I had called sarah, she would have come here.

- If they had studied, they would have passed the exam.

- If you had come to my house, you would have met me.

- If he had studied hard, he would have passed the final exam.

Refrence :

http://bahasainggrisonlines.blogspot.com/2013/01/conditional-sentences.html.

http://fachmiulilmaulana.blogspot.com/2012/03/conditional-sentence.html.